DRUG INDEX
Anal Itching
(Pruritus Ani)
What is anal itching?
Anal itching is the irritation of the skin at the exit of the rectum, known as the anus, accompanied by the desire to scratch. The intensity of anal itching increases from moisture, pressure, and abrasion caused by clothing and sitting. At its most intense, anal itching causes intolerable discomfort that often is described as burning and soreness.
Anal itching is medically referred to as pruritus ani.
What causes anal itching?
Anal itching can be caused by irritating chemicals in the foods we eat, such as are found in spices, hot sauces, and peppers. It also can be caused by the irritation of frequent liquid stools, diarrhea, or escape of small amounts of stool (incontinence). Diseases that increase the possibility of yeast infections, such as diabetes mellitus or HIV infection, as well as treatment with antibiotics can lead to a yeast infection and irritation of the anus. Psoriasis also can irritate the anus. Abnormal passageways (fistulas) from the small intestine or colon to the skin surrounding the anus can form as a result of disease (such as Crohn's disease), and these fistulas bring irritating fluids to the anal area. Other problems that can cause anal itching include pinworms, hemorrhoids, tears of the anal skin (fissures), and skin tags (abnormal local growth of anal skin).
How is anal itching treated?
Initial treatment of simple itching is directed toward relieving the burning and soreness. It is important to clean and dry the anus thoroughly and avoid leaving soap in the anal area. Cleaning efforts should include gentle showering without direct rubbing or irritation of the skin with either the washcloth or towel. After bowel movements, moist pads should be used for cleaning the anus instead of toilet paper.
Local application of cortisone cream or Balneol cream can be helpful.
What if anal itching persists?
For persistent anal itching, efforts are directed toward identifying an underlying cause. An examination by a doctor can rapidly identify most causes of anal itching. Adjustments in diet, treatment of infections, or surgical procedures to correct the underlying cause may be required.
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