MEDICAL DICTIONARY
Chemokine: One of a large group of proteins that act as lures and were first found attracting white blood cells . The chemokines are involved in a wide variety of processes including acute and chronic types of inflammation , infectious diseases, and cancer. Chemokines may lure cancer cells and help determine the sites to which cancer cells spread by metastasis .
The first chemokine to be identified was interleukin-8 (IL-8). Most chemokines belong to one of two major subfamilies -- the CXC and CC subfamilies -- based on the arrangement of the first two of the 4 cysteine residues. The 2 cysteines are separated by a single amino acid in CXC chemokines while the 2 cysteines are adjacent in CC chemokines. Most CXC chemokines are chemoattractants for neutrophils whereas CC chemokines generally attract monocytes , lymphocytes , basophils , and eosinophils .
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